Alice works as a school counselor for an inner-city school. she is very popular with the kids. they believe that they can share anything with her and that she will listen and take the time to understand what is going on with them. carl rogers would argue that alice would score high on a scale of:

In e. c. tolman's experiment, some rats were trained to run through mazes for standard food goals, while other rats were allowed to explore the mazes for 10 days without food goals or other rewards. later, when food rewards were placed in a box at the far end of the maze, the previously unrewarded rats reached the food box as quickly as the rewarded rats after only one or two trials. this experiment demonstrated that the rats had the ability to form of their surroundings.