The willingness of people to hand over their rights to a ruler in exchange for law and order in society was called the
a. magna carta.
b. social contract.
c. scientific method.
d. enlightenment.

The answer is b. Social Contract.  To explain, when people enter into a society, they have to abide by society’s laws.  In exchange, they get access to the benefits that society has to offer such work, shelter, food and other things that man needs to survive.  A social contract comes about when a group of people decides to form a community wherein they can be protected and live in peace but they have to draw up rules to ensure peace and order in that community. Philosophers of social contract are John Locke, Thomas Hobbes and Jean Jacques Rousseau.