Why did great britain enact the sugar act, the stamp act, the declaratory act, and the townshend acts, and why did the colonists oppose these?

Well Great Britain first started taxing the colonists (stamp act and Townshend Acts) because they were in debt from helping the Americans in the war. Then the colonists didn't like that and started revolting (troubling the tax collectors, boycotting). In the Boston Tea Party, they went as far as dumping tea into the water. The British in response tightened their control and authority and passed Declaratory Act (stating they had supreme authority)

An informal structure in a bureaucracy would be something like so-called "office politics". where there's a formal structure set up for the organization, but then an informal subculture as well that has a way of organizing the bureaucracy further. this can be positive because it sets up an added degree of organization, albeit informal, within the bureaucracy.