Egocentrism animism and artificialism are characteristics of which if jean piagets stages of cognitive development

I believe the answer is: preoperational

During preoperational stage of development, piaget believes that children would started to develop the ability to identify the relationship between themselves and the things around them.
They would learn to identify their own personal desire and understand that objects around them would not disappear if they turn their vision away.

Urban growth invariably feeds increased commercialization and industrialization. it requires continually expanding land areas. when urbanization rates are high, and countries do not have the institutional and managerial capacities or economic wherewithal to manage such rapid growths, they exert intense pressure on the types and nature of the resulting settlements. they contribute to the development of overcrowded slums and shanty towns without adequate essential services and necessary infrastructure.-by asit k. biswas and cecilia tortajada

Ibelieve appendix i maybe wrong