Is the strong identity associated with an extreme sense of allegiance to one's culture.

Nationalism is the strong identity associated with an extreme sense of allegiance to one's culture.
This belief and ideology  is characterized with loyalty and devotion to a nation
 and a sense of national consciousness.
The term nationalism can denote an attitude but also a system created by people who believe their nation is superior to all others. 

Ithink the answer you are looking for is (b).