What literary device is used by writers to readers better understand a situation, using elements like similes and metaphors?

Is this inappropriate language,”but i’m certainly not the loser my step-father johnnie likes to think i am”? ?

A30 year old man comes to the emergency room complaining of severe abdominal pain most of his body is covered with tattoos and he has several body piercings he informs the staff that he does not have health insurance

My legs were jelly when i try to run through the snow