The Keating Owen Child Labor Act prohibited the interstate shipment of goods produced by child labor, Raubon Dagenhart's father, Roland, had sued on
behalf of his freedom to allow his fourteen-year old son to work in a textile mill.
In Hammer v. Dagenhart (1010), Justice Day spoke for the Court majority and found two grounds to invalidate the law. Production was outside the power
of Congress to regulate, and the regulation of production was reserved by the Tenth Amendment to the states, Day wrote that the powers not expressly
delegated to the national government are reserved to the states and to the people.
Source: Oyez, Hammer v. Dagenhart (1018)
(A) Identify the constitutional clause that is common to both Hammer. Dagenhart (1010) and McCulloch v. Maryland (1810).
(1) Based on the constitutional clause identified in part A, explain why the facts of McCulloch v. Maryland led to a different holding than the holding in
Hammer v. Dagenhart
(C) Explain how the holding in Hammer Dagenhart affected the balance of power between the states and the national government