An angry man punches a wall, and hurts his hand when the wall stops his fist. this is an example of newton’s

Newton's three laws of motion may be stated as follows:

1. Every object in a state of uniform motion will remain in that state of motion unless an external force acts on it.

2. Force equals mass times acceleration  

3. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

the third law is being used in this situation

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you did not attach the discourse, but i assume it to be the discourse on the origin and basis of inequality among men (the original titile in french is: "discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes"), also know as "second discourse". in this discourse, jean-jacques rousseau emphasizes that private property is the basis of all inequalities.

therefore, what enabled the old regime to maintain as long as it did was private property.