5. invertebrates colonized terrestrial environments independently of vertebrates. however, they faced similar challenges adapting to land. • a) describe three (3) main challenges animals had to face when colonizing land. • b) vertebrates had some key traits derived during their existence in water, which later proved beneficial for colonizing land. explain how vertebral column, jaws, lungs, and lobed fins paved the way for vertebrates to move from water into land. • c) what other adaptations did vertebrates develop as they colonized land?

Why do you think water is so important to living things

Humans are believed to have evolved in coastal regions in east africa. the region had an abundant supply of fish for early humanoids to eat. when scientists analyze the fads gene they see an interesting pattern. people whose families have lived in this area of east africa for generation show a high level of diversity in alleles for the fads gene. conversely, people whose families had migrated inland a moderate distance from sources of fish showed a much lower diversity for fads gene alleles. additionally, the fads alleles found in people whose family has lived inland for generation are almost all gene alleles which produce fads proteins with a high level of function and activity. how do anthropologists explain this?

How do living things obtain phosphorus