Where does the first stage of cellular respiration, glycolosis, occur? a. cell cytoplasm b. mitochondrial matrix c. mitochondrial intermembrane space d. inner membrane of the mitochondrion

Which of the four major uses is predicted to change the least by 2020?

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i.e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).

Which of the following matches the organisms described with the correct domain? a. archaea--multicellular, eukaryotic organisms that do not have cell walls b. eukarya--single-celled and multicellular organisms, with a defined nucleus and a variety of nutritional sources c. bacteria--unicellular, eukaryotic organisms with cell walls that do not contain peptidoglycan d. bacteria--unicellular, eukaryotic organisms that always lack cell walls