Which two structures play direct roles in permitting bacteria to adhere to each other, or to other surfaces? 1. capsules 2. endospores 3. fimbriae 4. plasmids 5. flagella

Options 1 and 3

Explanation: The capsule are found in many prokaryotes. The capsule is a sticky outermost layer, it consist of polysaccharides. The capsule helps microorganisms to adhere to each other and to surfaces in their environment. It also helps prevent the cell from drying out.

The fimbriae are microscopic short, bristle like fibers used by microorganisms such as bacteria to adhere to one another and to adhere to cells and other inanimate objects. Bacterium may possess as many as 1,000 fimbriae. Fimbriae can only be visible with the use of an electron microscope. They can either be straight or flexible.