Secondary succession can happen after primary succession or independently of primary succession
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ОТ
OF

when the displaced particles are perpendicular to the direction the wave travels, is called a transverse wave, whereas in longitudinal wave the displace practices are parallel to the direction of the wave.

in the given image:

first image shows - longitudinal wave

second image shows - transverse wave

third image shows - longitudinal wave

fourth image shows - longitudinal wave

yes, because even though a theory has a  lot of evidence to support it, it is not always true