When both participants in a species' interaction develop adaptations in direct response to one another, this could progress into all of the outcomes except:

coevolution

Explanation:

Coevolution refers to the process where two or more species modify each other's evolution via natural selection. Darwin mentioned how insects and flowering plants could coevolve by reciprocal evolutionary modifications. Coevolution has firstly been associated with mutualism between species including, for example, birds and flowering plants. However, coevolution may also involve host-parasite relationships, such as associations involving parasitic organisms and their sexually reproducing hosts. Finally, there are situations where coevolution involves both parasitism and mutualism (i.e., antagonistic coevolution).

the solute can move "downhill," from regions of higher to lower concentration, relying on the specificity of the protein carrier to pass through the membrane. this process is called passive transport or facilitated diffusion, and does not require energy.

c is the answer. hope this