suggest why digestion (the breakdown of large macromolecules) is largely performed by extracellular enzymes

Enzymes speed up the breakdown of macromolecules in food to small molecules

Explanation:

During digestion, the macromolecules that make up food are hydrolyzed by digestive juices to molecules of a size that allows their absorption through the lumen of the tract. In this way, proteins are divided into amino acids, carbohydrates into glucose and other monosaccharides, and fats into glycerol and fatty acids. Digestion and absorption take place mainly in the small intestine.The production of extracellular enzymes that, once released into the medium, degrade the substrate and then allow their diffusion / transport.

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