Why do cells divide? : The the cell is, the the surface area to volume ratio…… there is more outside and less inside.
If a cell is too , it takes too to get stuff from the outside to the inside.

Types of Cell Division
- not sexual reproduction- when cells produce copies of themselves as an organism grows.
- when organisms pass on half of their DNA that combines with another set of DNA to make a new organism.

The Cell Cycle
Cells go through a series of steps in a specific order, beginning after a cell has divided
Interphase
G1(gap 1)-
S (Synthesis)-
G2(gap 2)-
- the division of the nucleus of a cell.
- the division of the rest of the cell (the cytoplasm)
- cells usually exit the cell cycle after dividing
Bacteria(prokaryotes) are much simpler, doing a process called .

Mitosis
Mitosis is the division of the nucleus , made up of phases:
- the nuclear envelope dissolves, DNA condenses.
- chromosomes line up along the center of the cell, pulled into place by centrosomes.
- chromatids are pulled apart towards centrosomes.
- nuclear envelope forms, DNA becomes chromatin.
- NOT part of Mitosis, division of the rest of the cell that takes place immediately after telophase.

Cancer
Cells normally only divide to produce or , to , or to .
Cancerous cells continue in the cell cycle when they shouldn't due to damage to .

Meiosis
Meiosis is the process by which (sex cells - sperm or egg) are produced.
Meiosis contains the same steps as mitosis, but they occur twice and have important differences.
Since division happens twice, you end up with the DNA at the end.

Miosis vs Meiosis

Mitosis
Meiosis
Starts and ends with a (paired) number of chromosomes (humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, 46 total)
Occurs in for repair or growth.
form of reproduction, producing identical cells.

Starts with a number of chromosomes and ends with a (half, one of each pair) number of chromosomes. Each half from a parent combines to the total.
Occurs in .
reproduction, creating unique offspring.