how will the offspring be affected if one of the gametes or one of the parents carry an impaired number of haploid chromosomes?

Answer :Aneuploidy often results in serious problems such as Turner syndrome, a monosomy in which females may contain all or part of an X chromosome. Monosomy for autosomes is usually lethal in humans and other animals. Klinefelter syndrome is a trisomy genetic disorder in males caused by the presence of one or more X chromosomes. The effects of trisomy are similar to those of monosomy. Down syndrome is the only autosomal trisomy in humans that has a substantial number of survivors one year after birth. Trisomy in chromosome 21 is the cause of Down syndrome; it affects 1 infant in every 800 live births

Explanation:

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the fossil record provides evidence of a common ancestor to many species.