QUESTION 11 After reading the paragraphs below, answer the questions that follow.
Mr. and Mrs. Smith have three sons in elementary school. Two of their children are progressing normally, but their youngest son, Charles, has been much slower than his
siblings in developing speech and language skills. His parents are concerned that he has a learning disability and decide to investigate further. Since some learning disabilities
can be genetically based, their pediatrician recommends a chromosomal analysis.
The results show that Charles has a trisomy of the sex chromosomes, diagnosed as XYY. A mistake during sperm formation resulted in an extra copy of the Y chromosomne.
The extra copy was passed on to Charles during fertilization. Most often, this chromosomal change causes no unusual physical features or medical problems, but those with
trisomy of the sex chromosomes may have a higher-than-normal risk of delays in learning development.
The problem that occurred during melosis in sperm formation was
failure of the second melotic division to take place.
formation of diploid sperm.
an inversion of the X chromosome, preventing the pairing of sex chromosomes.
nondisjunction involving a Y chromosome.