Recent research into mutation involved finding the base
sequence of all genes in parents
and their offspring. It showed that
there was one base mutation per
1.2 × 10^8
bases. Calculate how
many new alleles a child is likely
to have as a result of mutations
in their parents. Assume that
there are 25,000 human genes
and these genes are 2,000 bases
long on average.

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Explanation:

i think a) betsy can donate only blood to mark is correct because, mark and betsy have the same blood type. whereas nobody else has b+ blood so betsy can't donate to them.

tsd is temerature dependent sex determination.

tsd: it is a type of environmental sex determination in which the temperature experienced during embryonic/ larval development (ambient temperature for development) determine the sex of the offspring.

crocodile displays the tsd where the ambient temperature of the developing egg determines the individual's sex. for example in the american alligator's eggs, incubation at 33 ºc produces mostly males, while incubation at 30 ºc produces mostly females. so if the american alligator's egg will get the ambient temperature (33 degree celcius)during embryonic development from egg, the offspring will be male and same for the female sex determination.