In what type of immunity will the defenses be triggered and react in the same manner, regardless of the organism invading?

adaptive

innate

primary

mechanical barrier

The right option is; innate

The innate immune system is an immunity system in which the defenses against pathogens is always general and is being activated the same way. The innate immune system is composed of barriers that help to keep pathogens (such as bacteria) and other foreign particles out of the body or prevent their spread within the body. Physical barriers (such as skin, the respiratory tract), defense mechanisms (such as secretions, bile) and general immune responses (such as inflammation) are all part of the innate immune system.

the most common energy conversion is from kinetic energy to potential energy, and then from potential energy to kinetic energy.

later on comes the heat energy, mechanical energy, and other energy conversions.

this energy conversion is so common that we can find it in our day to day lives as well.

- one of the most common energy conversions involves the changing of potential energy to kinetic energy or kinetic energy to potential energy

step 1: initiation

initiation is the beginning of transcription. it occurs when the enzyme rna polymerase binds to a region of a gene called the promoter. this signals the dna to unwind so the enzyme can ‘‘read’’ the bases in one of the dna strands. the enzyme is now ready to make a strand of mrna with a complementary sequence of bases.

step 2: elongation

elongation is the addition of nucleotides to the mrna strand. rna polymerase reads the unwound dna strand and builds the mrna molecule, using complementary base pairs. there is a brief time during this process when the newly formed rna is bound to the unwound dna. during this process, an adenine (a) in the dna binds to an uracil (u) in the rna.

step 3: termination

termination is the ending of transcription, and occurs when rna polymerase crosses a stop (termination) sequence in the gene. the mrna strand is complete, and it detaches from dna.