Suppose that a dominant allele (p) codes for a polka-dot tail and a recessive allele (p) codes for a solid colored tail. if two heterozygous individuals with polka-dot tails mate, what's the probability of the phenotype and genotype combinations of the offspring? a. 75 percent chance of a polka-dot tail and 25 percent chance of a solid colored tail (25 percent pp; 50 percent pp; 25 percent pp) b. 25 percent chance of a polka-dot tail and 75 percent chance of a solid colored tail (25 percent pp; 50 percent pp; 25 percent pp) c. 50 percent chance of a polka-dot tail and 50 percent chance of a solid colored tail (50 percent pp; 50 percent pp) d. 75 percent chance of a polka-dot tail and 25 percent chance of a solid colored tail (75 percent pp; 25 percent pp)

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i.e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).

Fruit bats in central america eat bananas and other fruits. banana plants rely on bats for pollination. what would be the most likely consequence on the banana crop if fruit bats were eliminated from the area? the banana crop would increase because bats would stop eating the crops. the banana crop would decrease because bats would no longer pollinate the crops. the banana crop would remain constant because bees would replace the bats. the banana crop would remain constant because the plants would adapt using asexual reproduction.

Which cell organelle is the site for photosynthesis? a. chloroplast b. endoplasmic reticulum c. golgi apparatus d. lysosome