What characteristics do scientists use to distinguish between organisms in different kingdoms?

Compare and contrast cladistics and phylogeny. what are their advantages and disadvantages? which is the most useful in understanding how an organism developed into its current form? which concept most strongly supports your opinion about the origin of any given organism?

15 ! come and answer! a(n) is the general term for an infectious disease that has spread across a city, region, or country.

An enzymatic hydrolysis of fructose-1-p, fructose-1-p(aq) + h2o(l) - fructose (aq) + pi (aq) was allowed to proceed to equilibrium at 25°c. the original concentration of fructose-1-p was 0.2 m, but when the system had reached equilibrium, the concentration of fructose-1-p was only 6.52 x 10^-5 m. calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction and the free energy of hydrolysis of fructose-1-p.