How can communities of organisms thrive on both active and extinct volcanoes

They utilize the sulfur and other chemical elements released from the vents of the volcanoes, for energy production. Organisms that thrive in these regions are chemosynthesizers such as archaebacteria. They turn the inorganic compounds into organic compounds and begin the cycle of a food web in the environment.

hi~~

i would say that hybridization occurs frequently in nature, because there are many types of hybrids that have occurred naturally, such as the mule (male donkey + female horse)