How are chordates and vertebrates related?

Vertebra is a subset of chordates.

This is how chordates and vertebrates are related  

The only chordates that have brain as part of their central nervous system are the vertebrates  As chordates, vertebrates possess similar characteristics such as a notochord and pharyngeal slits.  Vertebrates belong to the members of subphylum vertebrata, which are categorized under the phylum chordata.  Further Explanation

Vertebrata is subphylum of chordates which can be further defined by characteristics such as bony backbone. They also belong to the kingdom animalia.

However, animals with bilateral symmetry are grouped into two, which are prostostomes and deuterostomes. The grouping is also based on their pattern of embryonic development. The deuterostomes are made up of two phyla, which are chordata and Echinodermata.  

Echinoderms are invertebrate marine animals that possess pentaradial symmetry and spiny body covering, it include phylum such sea urchins and sea stars. Phylum chordata are made up of two groups of invertebrate chordates. Although, the vertebrates are the familiar members of chordate.  

As chordates, the anatomy and morphology of all vertebrates are similar, they possess the same characteristics. They all have a dorsal hollow nerve cord among others. There are some characteristics that distinguish the subphylum vertebrata from the phylum chordata, which is the growth of notochord (a rodlike structure that forms the support of the body in lowest chordates) into bony backbone. Some of the vertebrates include mammals, bony fish, reptiles, sharks, etc  

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chordates are vertebrates

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chordatanotochordbony backbone

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