Which of the following types of changes involves a new idea being applied to initiating or improving a product, process, or service? a) continuous improvementb) double-loop learningc) innovationd) process reengineeringe) organizational streaming

Zachary company produces commercial gardening equipment. since production is highly automated, the company allocates its overhead costs to product lines using activity-based costing. the costs and cost drivers associated with the four overhead activity cost pools follow: activities unit level batch level product level facility level cost $ 64,800 $ 27,730 $ 15,000 $ 154,000 cost driver 2,400 labor hrs. 47 setups percentage of use 11,000 units production of 780 sets of cutting shears, one of the company’s 20 products, took 240 labor hours and 7 setups and consumed 15 percent of the product-sustaining activities. required: (a) had the company used labor hours as a company wide allocation base, how much overhead would it have allocated to the cutting shears? (b) how much overhead is allocated to the cutting shears using activity-based costing? (c) compute the overhead cost per unit for cutting shears first using activity-based costing and then using direct labor hours for allocation if 780 units are produced. if direct product costs are $150 and the product is priced at 30 percent above cost for what price would the product sell under each allocation system? (d) assuming that activity-based costing provides a more accurate estimate of cost, indicate whether the cutting shears would be over- or underpriced if direct labor hours are used as an allocation base. explain how over-or undercosting can affect vaulker's profitability. (e) comment on the validity of using the allocated facility-level cost in the pricing decision. should other costs be considered in a cost- plus pricing decision? if so, which ones? what costs would you include if you were trying to decide whether to accept a special order?

bradford, inc., expects to sell 9,000 ceramic vases for $21 each. direct materials costs are $3, direct manufacturing labor is $12, and manufacturing overhead is $3 per vase. the following inventory levels apply to 2019: beginning inventory ending inventory direct materials 3,000 units 3,000 units work-in-process inventory 0 units 0 units finished goods inventory 300 units 500 units what are the 2019 budgeted production costs for direct materials, direct manufacturing labor, and manufacturing overhead, respectively?

Acontractor was awarded a purchase order for commercial items for $1.5 million under the authority of far subpart 13.5. the purchase order was issued in november 2010 and containedall applicable clauses that were current as of the date of the purchase order. under the purchase order, the contractor is required to comply with a small business subcontracting plan that contains all of the required elements. which of the following is true? a.the contractor must submit a standard form 294, subcontracting report for individual contracts. b.the contractor must submit an individual subcontracting report through the electronic subcontracting reporting system (esrs). c.the contractor may submit either an sf 294 or report its subcontracting through esrs. d.the contractor is not required to submit any subcontracting reports.