A commercial bank is facing the conditions given above. If the reserve requirement is 12 percent and the bank does not sell any of its securities, the maximum amount of additional lending this bank can undertake is.

$6,000

Explanation:

$6,000

(The demand deposits are $100,000, and the reserve requirement is 12 percent, so this bank must keep $12,000 in required reserves. Since total reserves include both required and excess reserves, $18,000 (total reserves) minus $12,000 (required reserves) equals $6,000 (excess reserves). Excess reserves are the only reserves that can be used for lending, so $6,000 is available for lending.)

being born in poverty would limit the people's chances, opportunities and benefits.

this happen because of several things, such as:

- poor people tend to gain less access to good education and nutrition. this mean that their chance to obtain high paying jobs would also be limited.

- poor people tend to socialize with other poor people while the rich tend to socialize with other rich people. this means that simply throguh their social circle, rich people would have more business opportunities compared to the poor people.

- rich people tend to have more capital in their disposal. this would benefit them in business since it is far easier for them to fund their business operation compared to poor people.

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