On January 1, 2017, Eagle borrows $16,000 cash by signing a four-year, 5% installment note. The note requires four equal total payments of accrued interest and principal on December 31 of each year from 2017 through 2020. Prepare the journal entries for Eagle to record the loan on January 1, 2017, and the four payments from December 31, 2017, through December 31, 2020.
1. Eagle borrows $16,000 cash by signing a four-year, 5% installment note. Record the issuance of the note on January 1, 2017.
2. Record the payment of the first installment payment of interest and principal on December 31, 2017.
3. Record the payment of the second installment payment of interest and principal on December 31, 2018.
4. Record the payment of the third installment payment of interest and principal on December 31, 2019.
5. Record the payment of the fourth installment payment of interest and principal on December 31, 2020

Issuance - January 1, 2017

Cash $16,000 (debit)

Note Payable $16,000 (credit)

December 31, 2017

Interest Expense $800 (debit)

Note Payable $3,712.19 (debit)

Cash $4,512.19 (credit)

December 31, 2018

Interest Expense $614.39 (debit)

Note Payable $3,897.80 (debit)

Cash $4,512.19 (credit)

December 31, 2019

Interest Expense $419.50 (debit)

Note Payable $4,092.69 (debit)

Cash $4,512.19 (credit)

December 31, 2020

Interest Expense $214.87 (debit)

Note Payable $4,297.32 (debit)

Cash $4,512.19 (credit)

Explanation:

The Loan Amortization Schedule is most appropriate way to solve all parts of this problem.

The first step to construction of the Amortization Schedule is to determine the payments made annually, PMT (interest and principal).

Using a Financial calculator, this can be determined as ;

Pv = $16,000

r = 5%

n = 4

Fv = $0

p/yr = 1

Pmt = ?

Thus PMT is $4,512.19.

Amortisation Schedule (Extracted from Financial Calculator)

2017

Principle Payment = $3,712.19

Interest Payment = $800

Balance =  $12,287.81

Accounting Entries :

Interest Expense $800 (debit)

Note Payable $3,712.19 (debit)

Cash $4,512.19 (credit)

2018

Principle Payment = $3,897.80

Interest Payment = $614.39

Balance =  $8,390

Accounting Entries :

Interest Expense $614.39 (debit)

Note Payable $3,897.80 (debit)

Cash $4,512.19 (credit)

2019

Principle Payment = $4,092.69

Interest Payment = $419.50

Balance =  $4,297.32

Accounting Entries :

Interest Expense $419.50 (debit)

Note Payable $4,092.69 (debit)

Cash $4,512.19 (credit)

2020

Principle Payment = $4,297.32

Interest Payment = $214.87

Balance =  $0

Accounting Entries :

Interest Expense $214.87 (debit)

Note Payable $4,297.32 (debit)

Cash $4,512.19 (credit)