Lauryl alcohol is a nonelectrolyte obtained from coconut oil and is used to make detergents. A solution of 8.80 g of lauryl alcohol in 0.100 kg of benzene freezes at 3.0 ∘C. You may want to reference (Page) Section 13.5 while completing this problem. What is the approximate molar mass of lauryl alcohol?

The molar mass of lauryl alcohol is approximately 180 g/mol

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Mass of lauryl alcohol = 8.80 grams

Mass of benzene = 0.100 kg = 100 grams

Freezing point of Benzene is 5.5 °C

Kf value for benzene = 5.12 °C/molal

Step 2: Calculate the freezing point depression

ΔTf = 5.5 - 3.0 °C = 2.5 °C

Step 3: Calculate molality

⇒ with ΔTf = the freezing point depression = 2.5 °C

⇒ with i = the van't Hoff factor = 1

⇒ with kf = the free point depression constat pf benzene = 5.12°C/m

⇒ with m =the molality = TO BE DETERMINED

molality = ΔTf / kf

molality = 2.5 °C / 5.12 °C /m

molality =  0.488 molal

Step 4: Calculate moles lauryl alcohol

Molality = moles lauryl alcohol / mass benzene

Moles lauryl alcohol = molality * mass benzene

Moles lauryl alcohol = 0.488 m * 0.100 kg

Moles lauryl alcohol = 0.0488 moles

Step 5: Calculate molar mass of lauryl alcohol

Molar mass lauryl alcohol = mass lauryl alcohol/ moles lauryl alcohol

Molar mass lauryl alcohol = 8.80 grams / 0.0488 moles

Molar mass lauryl alcohol = 180 g/mol

The molar mass of lauryl alcohol is approximately 180 g/mol

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explanation:

each principal energy level above the first contains one s orbital and three p orbitals. a set of three p orbitals, called the p sublevel, can hold a maximum of six electrons. therefore, the second level can contain a maximum of eight electrons - that is, two in the s orbital and 6 in the three p orbitals.

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answer: the rate of diffusion increases with increase in temperature.

increase in temperature, increases the molecular/particles speed (kinetic energy. diffusion means movement of particles through the material.

generally, the heavier the particle the more it interacts with the environment and more the temperature matters. so higher temperature results in higher diffusion.