When one pair of electrons is shared between two atoms, a bond is formed.

covalent bond

Explanation:

An ionic bond is formed when an element completely transfers its valence electron to another element. The element which donates the electron is known as electropositive element or the metal and the element which accepts the electrons is known as electronegative element or non metal. Example:

A covalent bond is formed when an element shares its valence electron with another element. This bond is formed between two non metals. Example: which is formed by sharing of one electron each from flourine atom.

the number of valence electrons for each molecule or ion is shown beneath the structure. remember hydrogen will not have more than two electrons. this hydrogen is part of a covalent bond (sharing two electrons). a double bond here would cause hydrogen to share four electrons with phosphorus.

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