-Name: Jessica Gavrielov Class: 10/28/20 Directions: Read and Annotate
The cell is the basic unit of life. Eukaryotes are broken down into plant and animal cells (like those found in the human body). Just like our body systems are made up of organs, cells are made up of organelles that are specialized and perform specific and important functions. They all work together to maintain survival of the cell.
All cells are surrounded by a cell membrane (D). The cell membrane is like the skin of the cell, allowing some substances to pass into the cell and blocking others. This is called being selectively permeable.
The nucleus (E) is the boss of a eukaryotic cell and controls many of the functions of the cell, much like the human brain. The nucleus also contains DNA, which contains the instructions for producing proteins, the main purpose of all cells. Prokaryotes do not have a nucleus, but still contain DNA.
The Cytoplasm (G) is the jellylike material outside the cell nucleus in which the organelles are located, and much like the blood, transports materials from one place to another. All cells, even prokaryotes, contain small bodies called ribosomes (F). This is like the factory of the cell, because proteins are made here by protein synthesis.
The Golgi Apparatus/Body (C) is where products from the ER are shipped out. It’s like the post office of the cell, it packages cellular products (proteins).
Endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER, B) is a vast system of small tubes that transport proteins within the cell. Rough ER is covered with ribosomes that give it a rough appearance. The smooth ER has this job as well but does not have ribosomes and helps with the transport and storage of substances.
Plant cells also contain one large fluid-filled sac called a vacuole, like a storage containers. Animal cells have a few tiny vacuoles, which store water and waste. In plant cells, a large central water-filled vacuole takes up most of the space in the cell. Plant cells also have chloroplast which is where photosynthesis takes place (the conversion of CO2 and sunlight energy into oxygen and sugar/glucose). Plant cells also have cell walls which give structure and protection around the entire cell.
Mitochondria (H) converts glucose/sugar e into ATP (energy molecules) for the cell, much like the digestive system of the human body. Cells also contain organelles called lysosomes (A) that contain digestive enzymes which act as the garbage collection and recycling unit of the cell.

Directions: Using the images of the Animal Cells with Missing Organelles, fill in the chart below identifying which organelle is missing in each cell. One cell is complete; some cells are missing more than one!

Cell
Missing Organelle(s)
What will this cell be unable to do?
1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

1. Which two cells do you think will be least likely to survive? Identify the cells below and explain your reasoning for each choice. Use evidence from the reading to support your response.













Directions: Color the cell organelles to the correct color.

Animal Cell Labeling:

Cell Membrane (Light Brown)
Mitochondria (Orange)
Golgi apparatus (Green)
Cytoplasm (White)
Lysosome (Purple)
Rough ER (Dark Blue)
Smooth ER (Light Blue)
Ribosome (Red)
Nucleus (Yellow)
Cilia (Black)
Everything else (Any other color)