Cream of tartar, a common ingredient in cooking, is the common name for potassium bitartrate (abbreviated KBT, molar mass 188.2 g/mol). Historically, KBT was a crystalline solid that formed on the casks of wine barrels during the fermentation process. Calculate the maximum mass of KBT that can dissolve in 280. mL of solution to make a saturated solution. KBT dissolves to form the potassium ion (K+) and the bitartrate ion (abbreviated as BT-). KBT(s) → K+(aq) + BT-(aq) Ksp = 3.8×10-4

0.288g KBT can be dissolved

Explanation:

The dissolution of KBT produce the dissociation in K⁺ and BT⁻ ions as follows:

KBT(s) → K+(aq) + BT-(aq) Ksp = 3.8×10-4

Where Ksp is defined as:

Ksp = 3.8x10⁻⁴ = [K⁺][BT⁻]

Thus, we need to find the concentration of KBT that can be dissolved = [K⁺] = [BT⁻]:

3.8x10⁻⁴ = [K⁺][BT⁻]

3.8x10⁻⁴ = [KBT][KBT]

3.8x10⁻⁴ = [KBT]²

0.01949M = [KBT]

In 280mL = 0.280L, the moles of KBT that can be dissolved are:

0.01949mol / L * 0.280L =

5.458x10⁻³ moles of KBT. In grams (Using molar mass):

5.458x10⁻³ moles of KBT * (188.2g/mol) =

- calcium has greater affinity to bond with electron receptors than hydrogen does and hence, it has the ability to replace hydrogen in most of its compounds.

- lithium has 2 valence electrons in the product because it can make only 1 bond with hydrogen. beryllium has 4 valence electrons in the product because it can only make 2 bonds. it has fewer electrons than neon and can react with electron donors. each hydrogen has 2 valence electrons, the same as helium.

- the covalent bond formed between carbon and hydrogen is polar because carbon is more electronegative than hydrogen and it attracts the bonded electron pair closer to itself, thus giving hydrogen a partial positive charge.

- a hydrogen bond is a relatively weak bond that hydrogen atoms make with the electronegative atoms nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine.

so the best choice is a.) 2 calcium (ca) atoms