Oxygen has six valence electrons, and an electronegativity of 3.44. Calcium has two valence electrons and an electronegativity of 1.00. How can the octet rule be used to explain the bonding between them?

Oxygen needs to lose six electrons to reach a full octet. Each calcium atom needs access to six electrons to achieve a full octet. One oxygen atom donates all its electrons to calcium, forming an ionic bond.

Oxygen needs access to two electrons to reach a full octet. Each calcium atom has two valence electrons that it prefers to lose to obtain a full octet. Therefore, one oxygen atom and one calcium atom complement each other and form an ionic bond.

Oxygen needs access to two electrons to reach a full octet. Each calcium atom has two valence electrons that it prefers to lose to obtain a full octet. Therefore, one oxygen atom and one calcium atom complement each other and form a covalent bond.

Oxygen needs to lose six electrons to reach a full octet. Each calcium atom needs access to six electrons to achieve a full octet. One oxygen atom donates all its electrons to calcium, forming a covalent bond.