Q4. (20 points) for a bronze alloy, the stress at which plastic deformation begins is 271 mpa and the modulus of elasticity is 119 gpa. (a) what is the maximum load that may be applied to a specimen having a cross-sectional area of 320 mm2 without plastic deformation? (b) if the original specimen length is 131 mm, what is the maximum length to which it may be stretched without causing plastic deformation?

a) P = 86720 N

b) L = 131.2983 mm

Explanation:

σ = 271 MPa = 271*10⁶ Pa

E = 119 GPa = 119*10⁹ Pa

A = 320 mm² = (320 mm²)(1 m² / 10⁶ mm²) = 3.2*10⁻⁴ m²

a) P = ?

We can apply the equation

σ = P / A     ⇒    P = σ*A = (271*10⁶ Pa)(3.2*10⁻⁴ m²) = 86720 N

b) L₀ = 131 mm = 0.131 m

We can get ΔL applying the following formula (Hooke's Law):

ΔL = (P*L₀) / (A*E)    ⇒  ΔL = (86720 N*0.131 m) / (3.2*10⁻⁴ m²*119*10⁹ Pa)

⇒  ΔL = 2.9832*10⁻⁴ m = 0.2983 mm

Finally we obtain

L = L₀ + ΔL = 131 mm + 0.2983 mm = 131.2983 mm

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explanation: