What is the subject of the teacher announcement

What is the meaning of each underlined word in these excerpts from "a modest proposal" by jonathan swift? i think it is agreed by all parties, that this prodigious number of children in the arms, or on the backs, or at the heels of their mothers, and frequently of their fathers, is in the present deplorable state of the kingdom, a very great additional grievance; and therefore whoever could find out a fair, cheap and easy method of making these children sound and useful members of the common-wealth, would deserve so well of the publick, as to have his statue set up for a preserver of the nation. some persons of a desponding spirit are in great concern about that vast number of poor people, who are aged, diseased, or maimed; and i have been desired to employ my thoughts what course may be taken, to ease the nation of so grievous an incumbrance. the word prodigious means . the word desponding means .

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Which lines from mark antony's speech in julius caesar best illustrate pathos? a. i speak not to disprove what brutus spoke, / but here i am to speak what i do know. b. here under leave of brutus and the rest -/ for brutus is an honourable man; / so are they all, all honourable man. c. and brutus is an honourable man. / you all did see that on the lupercal / i thrice presented him a kingly crown. d. when that the poor have cried, caeser hath wept: / ambition shold have been made of sterner stuff.