What is king's conclusion in this passage?
he is shocked by the tension of protest
negotiation is better than protest.
he is not afraid of tension,
tension is necessary for growth.
you may well ask: "why direct action? why
sit ins, marches and so forth? isn't
negotiation a better path? " you are quite
right in calling for negotiation. indeed, this is
the very purpose of direct action. nonviolent
direct action seeks to create such a crisis and
foster such a tension that a community which
has constantly refused to negotiate is forced
to confront the issue. it seeks so to dramatize
the issue that it can no longer be ignored. my
citing the creation of tension as part of the
work of the nonviolent resister may sound
rather shocking. but i must confess that i am
not afraid of the word "tension." i have
done
intro

Tension is necessary for growth.

Explanation:

In his "Letter From Birmingham Jail", Martin Luther King eloquently wrote about the need to resort to such non-violent acts of protestations. He had been arrested for protesting against the issue of segregation in lunch counters and even in employment. His issue is to get equal rights and liberties for the blacks alongside their white citizens.

In the given passage, he stressed the need of non-violent forms to make his point across about the racial discrimination that his people are subjected to. Giving a reply for why there is "sit ins, marches and so forth", he claims that these are needed so that the tension brought by them through their act will pressurize the concerned authorities into paying attention to them. Since they are so reluctant "to negotiate", it left them (the protesters) no choice but to get their attention forcibly. They needed to be "forced to confront the issue" even if it creates tension. For tension is the only way they can make their point known and recognized, which he (King) admits he's "not afraid of".  And if it is the only way for progress, then so let it be.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)