10. 'And the melancholy darkness gently weeps in rainy tears.' What does the melancholy darkness mean

I would like to assume that "melancholy darkness" means something along the lines of darkness that hits out of nowhere.

Explanation:

Okay so "melancholy" has the exact definition "a feeling of pensive sadness, typically with no obvious cause." And darkness is obviously something with no light.  Something to compare this to might be depression because more commonly, the symptoms of depression can hit out of nowhere, and suddenly one is enveloped in darkness. Now, this might not be the best answer but it's how I think of it from my own personal experiences. Hopefully, this helps.

our founding fathers introduced the revolutionary idea that each person's desire to pursue their idea of happiness was not self-indulgence, but a necessary driver of a prosperous society. they created a government to defend that right for everyone.

the students want to see the great sphinx of giza, which is very popular with tourists.