9. Read the following excerpt from an article about research at King's College London conducted in response to Angela
Duckworth's grit studies.
In addition to measuring the association between grit and academic achievement, the researchers also
analysed the extent to which grit is "heritable" (i. e. the extent to which genes contribute to differences
between people in their levels of grit). Some scientists have previously suggested that grit may be
more malleable than other predictors of academic achievement, such as socioeconomic status and
intelligence, which has led to proposals for grit training programmes in schools.
This new study found that grit was about as heritable as other personality traits, with DNA differences
explaining around a third of the differences between children in levels of grit.
How do this excerpt and the Technical Article treat the theme of grit as a fixed characteristic differently?
A. The excerpt seems to suggest that grit is less of a developed characteristic than the Technical Article does.
B. The excerpt and the Technical Article both emphasize the heredity of grit, although the excerpt shows the
research behind this theory
C. The Technical Article identifies grit as a key characteristic of achievement, while the excerpt disagrees.
D. The excerpt reveals that grit is similar to any other personality trait, while the Technical Article disagrees.