Read the claim and counterclaim.

claim: sugary drinks such as soda should be taxed at a higher rate than other drinks to discourage people from making unhealthy choices.

counterclaim: increasing the price of sugary drinks will not decrease the amount of people who buy and drink them.

which is the most effective rebuttal to this counterclaim?

studies have shown that if the price of sugary drinks increased by 10 percent, sales would decrease by 10–12 percent.

people have the right to make their own decisions when it comes to what food and drinks they consume.

research has shown that persuading people to make healthier choices is about education, not raising prices to try to force a different choice.

although individual choice is important, increasing the price of sugary drinks will have an overall positive effect on our health.

Studies have shown that if the price of sugary drinks increased by 10 percent, sales would decrease by 10–12 percent.

Option A is the most effective rebuttal to this counterclaim. First of all, the statement directly addresses the main idea of the counterclaim, which is that an increase in the cost of the drink will not make a difference. Secondly, the statement provides strong evidence (statistical studies) against it.

1. read the following excerpt from franklin d. roosevelt's "fireside chat 19":

on the other side of the picture, we must learn also to know that guerilla warfare against the germans in, let us say serbia or norway, us; that a successful russian offensive against the germans us; and that british successes on land or sea in any part of the world strengthen our hands.

remember always that germany and italy, regardless of any formal declaration of war, consider themselves at war with the united states at this moment just as much as they consider themselves at war with britain or russia. and germany puts all the other republics of the americas into the same category of enemies. the people of our sister republics of this hemisphere can be honored by that fact.  

the true goal we seek is far above and beyond the ugly field of battle. when we resort to force, as now we must, we are determined that this force shall be directed toward ultimate good as well as against immediate evil. we americans are not destroyers — we are builders.

analyze the effectiveness of this excerpt. how does it function within the speech as a whole? how does the structure of the excerpt to convey the speech's purpose and key points? support your argument with evidence from the speech. (10 points)