Use context clues to determine the meaning of the underlined words in the following passage. Use the passage to answer the questions on the following pages. Can you imagine what it would be like to learn English as a second language? There are so many nuances, or subtle differences, in the definitions of English words. With such small differences in the meanings of words, finding just the right word can even be arduous, or difficult, for native English speakers.
Not only are the shades of meaning tricky for people learning English, figures of speech further complicates the acquisition of English due to the nonsensical nature of figurative language. Let’s take idioms, for example. Pretend that your teacher gives you five extra minutes to study for a big test by saying, “You’re down to the wire and you need to hit the books for five more minutes!” Students who are learning English might wonder what kind of wire they are down to and why it’s necessary to hit books. After all, we’ve been taught to treat our belongings with respect.
With thousands of figures of speech, it’s no wonder that learning all the nuances of the English language can be such a laborious task. It doesn’t have to be so difficult though. Learning figures of speech can also be exhilarating and hilarious! If you’re not so sure about that, try to incorporate art in your learning. Have you ever drawn a frog in your throat? How about painting your head in the clouds? Creating your own figures of speech can also be silly and fun.
Remember the difficulties of learning English the next time you meet someone acquiring the language. Lend them a hand, shoot the breeze, and bend over backwards to ensure that your new friend
understands the subtle (and not so subtle) words and
phrases with multiple meanings.

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