Which excerpt from garrett hardin's "lifeboat ethics" uses an ethos audience appeal by admitting to an unpleasant side of his argument? a. let us now enrich the image, step by step, with substantive additions from the real world, a world that must solve real and pressing problems of overpopulation and hunger. b. but which 10 do we let in? how do we choose? do we pick the best 10, "first come, first served"? c. the harsh ethics of the lifeboat become even harsher when we consider the reproductive differences between the rich nations and the poor nations. d. the fundamental error of spaceship ethics, and the sharing it requires, is that it leads to what i call "the tragedy of the commons."

In his essay, Garret Hardin refers to the "spaceship" metaphor and explains the survival of the word populace via the example of lifeboat. He mentions figures for the population growth, ethics of survival originating from the gap between the rich and poor. The author gives a rhetorical question how would the world survive if the growth of the population continues at this rate. The correct answer is C.  

in a place once known as north america, now known as panem, is a very rich city surrounded by twelve districts. every year because this very rich city, known as the capitol, is so rich and likes to think they control all the districts - which they do - there is something known as the hunger games! this is where two children, one boy and one girl from each district from the ages of twelve to eighteen, have to leave their families and compete in the hunger games, a live event that is aired on tv's all over panem. when katniss everdeen, aged sixteen from district 12, has to volunteer to take the place of her twelve-year-old sister prim after prim's name is called forth to become the 23rd member to compete in the 74th hunger games, she promises to prim that she will win! katniss doesn't believe she's coming out alive - but she's not going down without a fight.

because district 12 is so poor, katniss has been close to death many times from starvation but she's made it through it. but this is a different kind of close to death; this katniss doesn't know if she can survive.

she doesn't want to hurt, or kill anyone but when it comes down to it katniss' instinct is to survive. but when she starts to have confusing feelings about the boy from her district who is also her fellow contender, things get worse, and then she teams up with the girl from district 11 and only one person can survive. but who will it be? will her feelings get the better of her? will she let someone else win so they don't have to die? if katniss is going to win she's going to have to be brutal. she's going to have to kill!