Why do most geographers consider europe to be a peninsula and not a continent?

Continents are big land masses surrounded by water on all sides (although a small connection to another land is also allowed, see the separation of North and South America).
Europe is considered a continent only for cultural reasons - it is not actually separated from Asia by any land of water. 

Answer (d) may increase or decrease porosity through dissolution or deposition;

Dis the answer you perception is how you see the world