The Age of Pericles in Athens and the Gupta Empire in India both experienced a golden age which resulted in

outstanding contributions in the arts and sciences

Explanation:

The Age of Pericles in Athens lasted between 495 to 429 BCE. During this period, there is a constant contribution to science and the arts. This is evident in the construction of the Parthenon, colonnade, etc, and at the same time this period was characterized by the artistic work of the likes of Sophocles, Euripides, and Aristophanes

Similarly, the Gupta Empire in India lasted between 320 to 550 CE. This golden period was characterized by artworks such as Padmapani painting, Shalabhanjika terracotta, etc. And at the same time, the contribution to the scientific world includes the work of Aryabhata, a great mathematician, Vedic literature on medicine, Brahmagupta another mathematician, and a host of others.

Hence, in this case, the correct answer is "outstanding contributions in the arts and sciences."

"the attempts of the proletariat to rise above this abasement"