How does the structure of the two poems differ? A Emerson's poem has an ABAB rhyme scheme, while Whitman's poem has no regular rhyme scheme.
B Emerson's poem has multiple stanzas, while Whitman's poem is a sonnet.
C Emerson's poem has no set rhyme scheme, while Whitman's poem uses repetition.
D The rhythm of Emerson's poem varies in each stanza, while Whitman's poem has a
set rhythm.
How is the structure of both poems similar?
A Both use stanzas to develop meaning.
B Both use questions to emphasize certain points.
C Both use repetition to enhance meaning.
D Both use rhyme to draw attention to sounds.
Compare the structures of the two poems. How do these different structures affect the style
of each poem?
A Emerson's poem has a fixed number of lines, and it is light and carefree. Whitman's poem
uses rhyme, and it is humorous.
B Emerson's poem is an elegy, and it is complex and serious. Whitman's poem is a lyric
poem, and it is imaginative.
C Emerson's poem has unanswered questions, making it like a speech. Whitman's poem
repeats ideas for emphasis, making it monotonous.
D Emerson's poem has regular stanzas, making it formal and controlled. Whitman's poem is
unstructured free verse, giving it a musical quality. Emerson's poem is made of four-line stanzas. Whitman's poem is one long stanza. Which best
explains why the poets likely made the structural choices they did?
A Emerson intended to give his serious ideas a lighter look. Whitman wanted his light
subject matter, singing, to look more serious.
B Emerson wanted to emphasize his fixed rhyme scheme. Whitman wanted to emphasize
the forward flow of his rhythmic language.
C Emerson chose to display the variety of his language. Whitman chose to highlight the
repetition of the word "singing."
D Emerson wanted his rhythms to sound like soldiers marching. Whitman wanted his
rhythms to sound like workmen singing.

Read the sentences below. Then complete the activity that follows.
In poetry, a stanza sometimes develops a single idea related to the main topic of a larger poem. Emerson and Whitman both follow this practice in structuring their poems. Write a paragraph supporting this statement. Cite at least two pieces of evidence from Emerson's multi-stanza poem and Whitman's single-stanza poem.

d) in the state of iowa

from thales, who is often considered the first western philosopher, to the stoics and skeptics, ancient greek philosophy opened the doors to a particular way of thinking that provided the roots for the western intellectual tradition. here, there is often an explicit preference for the life of reason and rational thought. we find proto-scientific explanations of the natural world in the milesian thinkers, and we hear democritus posit atoms—indivisible and invisible units—as the basic stuff of all matter. with socrates comes a sustained inquiry into ethical matters—an orientation towards human living and the best life for human beings. with plato comes one of the most creative and flexible ways of doing philosophy, which some have since attempted to imitate by writing philosophical dialogues covering topics still of interest today in ethics, political thought, metaphysics, and epistemology. plato’s student, aristotle, was one of the most prolific of ancient authors. he wrote treatises on each of these topics, as well as on the investigation of the natural world, including the composition of animals. the hellenists—epicurus, the cynics, the stoics, and the skeptics—developed schools or movements devoted to distinct philosophical lifestyles, each with reason at its foundation.

with this preference for reason came a critique of traditional ways of living, believing, and thinking, which sometimes caused political trouble for the philosophers themselves. xenophanes directly challenged the traditional anthropomorphic depiction of the gods, and socrates was put to death for allegedly inventing new gods and not believing in the gods mandated by the city of athens. after the fall of alexander the great, and because of aristotle’s ties with alexander and his court, aristotle escaped the same fate as socrates by fleeing athens. epicurus, like xenophanes, claimed that the mass of people is impious, since the people conceive of the gods as little more than superhumans, even though human characteristics cannot appropriately be ascribed to the gods. in short, not only did ancient greek philosophy pave the way for the western intellectual tradition, including modern science, but it also shook cultural foundations in its own time.

the answer is d. selective incorporation. (apex)