UM PLEASE HELP WITH THIS ONE

Many scandinavians immigrated to the united states as a result of the homestead act of 1862, which offered land to independent farmers. this is an example of a push factor, because turmoil in scandinavia encouraged people to leave. push factor, because a new opportunity encouraged people to come to the us. pull factor, because turmoil in scandinavia encouraged people to leave. pull factor, because a new opportunity encouraged people to come to the us.

What was the earliest settlement shown on the map?

The map shows information about river valley civilizations. which feature of this map best the reader determine the distance between two places?