Why were guidelines like these necessary during the civil rights movement? White people had not used bus transportation before this time.
Racial tensions were high due to the end of the Montgomery Bus Boycott.
Bus drivers had not been trained to diffuse tense situations.
African Americans had instigated several violent encounters during the boycott.

The constant presence of diseases or infectious agents within a given geographic area or population group. it may also refer to the usual prevalence of a given disease with such area or group. it includes holoendemic and hyperendemic diseases. a holoendemic disease is one for which a high prevalent level of infection begins early in life and affects most of the child population, leading to a state of equilibrium such that the adult population shows evidence of the disease much less commonly than do children (malaria in many communities is a holoendemic disease). a hyperendemic disease is one that is constantly present at a high incidence and/or prevalence rate and affects all groups equally. so probably family history.

The market had lost much of its value.