South of the sahara is a semiarid strip of land called the

pan-africanism or pan-africanism is a political, philosophical, cultural and social movement that promotes african twinning, the defense of the rights of african people and the unity of africa under a single sovereign state, for all africans, both africa as of the african diasporas.

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explanation:

a trial judge has broad powers in his courtroom. the judge's decision is usually final for the duration of the trial, and the party's one special type of witness is an expert witness.

roosevelt believed that in light of the country's recent military successes, it was unnecessary to use force to achieve foreign policy goals, so long as the military could threaten force. this belief, and his strategy of “speaking softly and carrying a big stick,” shaped much of roosevelt's foreign policy.