To maintain a strong military without having to pay salaries, the tang military was made up of

To fill in the blank it would be "farmers" as the Tang let their soldiers farm when they were not fighting, so that they can produce food for themselves.

The second , larger puritan colony of massachusetts bay was conceived as a "city upon a hill". but it also struggled with internal turmoil like the salem witch trials and external conflicts like king philip's (metacom's) war.