"Our response involves far more than instant retaliation and isolated strikes. Americans should not expect one battle, but a lengthy campaign, unlike any other we have seen. It may include dramatic strikes, visible on TV, and covert operations, secret even in success…" -President George W. Bush to Congress, September 20, 2011

Which event MOST LIKELY led to this speech?

refusal of Saddam Hussein to hand over “weapons of mass destruction”

fall of South Vietnam to Vietnamese communists

attacks on U. S. embassies in East Africa

attack on the World Trade Center and Pentagon