provide an example in which oppressive forces (states, institutions, politicians, etc) have offered symbolic change(s) in place of substantive change(s).

no statements but ok.

the statement that best describes the idea of manifest destiny that was used in the 19th century would be that "it was fate that the united states would continue to  expand westward," since people thought the us was "destined" to do so. 

the main reason that the constitution did not proclaim all men to be free and equal is because of the issue of slavery.

hey i did something like that before, what is the quesiton?

the correct answers are: 1) lay and collect taxes and duties; 2) pay debts; 5) borrow money;   6) regulate commerce with foreign nations.

article 1, section 8. refers to the powers of congress. according to the united states constitution: “the congress shall have the power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the united states.”