Is loyalty to those with whom one shares a common history, culture, and belief system.
a. self-determination
b. nationalism
c. autonomy
d. the nation-state

b. Nationalism is the correct answer.

Explanation:

Nationalism is loyalty to those with whom one shares a common history, culture, and belief system.

Nationalism is the feeling that individual is part of the nation, defined as a society with its language, cultures, traditions, and history that differentiate it from another nation and make it the main focus of each person's integrity and sense of individuality.

Nationalism is a belief and movement that supports the importance of a particular culture.

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