What did the meiji reformers want to retain, despite their quest for modernization?

Traditional values.

Explanation:

The Meiji Restoration, which took place in 1868, was the process of overthrowing the shogunate and restoring power to the Japanese imperial family. This process resulted in the development and economic modernization of Japan from the late nineteenth century, transforming the nation into a regional power.

An important point of the meiji era was the reformulation of education, aimed at ensuring integration with the new government for the new generations and aimed at maintaining traditional Japanese values. Thus, teaching was used as a tool to transmit nationalist principles and to implement the cult of the Emperor's personality, which became known as State Shinto. The Emperor was seen as the incarnation of the goddess Amaterasu, goddess of the Sun of Shinto, a traditional Japanese religion.

i am not 100% positive but i think it is is b. both are non-partisan jobs

i am pretty sure that members of congress have term limits, can be impeached, and are nominated through direct popular vote.